Please Note
We brought you to this page based on your search query. If this isn't what you are looking for, you can continue to Search Results for ""
The maximum number of items you can export is 3,000. Please reduce your list by using the filtering tool to the left.
Close
Close
Email Research
Recipient email addresses will not be used in mailing lists or redistributed.
Recipient's
Email

Use semicolon to separate each address, limit to 20 addresses.
Enter the
characters you see
Close
Email Research
Thank you for your interest in sharing Moody's Research. You have reached the daily limit of Research email sharings.
Close
Thank you!
You have successfully sent the research.
Please note: some research requires a paid subscription in order to access.
Already a customer?
LOG IN
Don't want to see this again?
REGISTER
OR
Accept our Terms of Use to continue to Moodys.com:

PLEASE READ AND SCROLL DOWN!

 

By clicking “I AGREE”, you indicate that you understand and intend these terms and conditions to be the legal equivalent of a signed, written contract and equally binding, and that you accept such terms and conditions as a condition of viewing any and all Moody’s information that becomes accessible to you (the “Information”). References herein to “Moody’s” include Moody’s Corporation. and each of its subsidiaries and affiliates..

 

Terms of One-Time Website Use

 

1.             Unless you have entered into an express written contract with www.moodys.com to the contrary and/or agreed to the Terms of Use at www.moodys.com or ratings.moodys.com, you agree that you have no right to use the Information in a commercial or public setting and no right to copy it, save it, print it, sell it, or publish or distribute any portion of it in any form.                   

 

2.             CREDIT RATINGS AND MOODY’S MATERIALS FOUND ON WWW.MOODYS.COM OR SITES OTHER THAN RATINGS.MOODYS.COM MAY NOT BE DISPLAYED IN REAL TIME. FOR REAL-TIME DISPLAYS OF CREDIT RATINGS AND OTHER INFORMATION REQUIRED TO BE DISCLOSED BY MIS PURSUANT TO APPLICABLE LAW OR REGULATION, PLEASE USE RATINGS.MOODYS.COM.           

 

3.             You acknowledge and agree that Moody’s credit ratings: (i) are current opinions of the future relative creditworthiness of securities and address no other risk; and (ii) are not statements of current or historical fact or recommendations to purchase, hold or sell particular securities. Moody’s credit ratings and publications are not intended for retail investors, and it would be reckless and inappropriate for retail investors to use Moody’s credit ratings and publications when making an investment decision. No warranty, express or implied, as the accuracy, timeliness, completeness, merchantability or fitness for any particular purpose of any Moody’s credit rating is given or made by Moody’s in any form whatsoever.

 

4.             To the extent permitted by law, Moody’s and its directors, officers, employees, representatives, licensors and suppliers disclaim liability for: (i) any indirect, special, consequential, or incidental losses or damages whatsoever arising from or in connection with use of the Information; and (ii) any direct or compensatory damages caused to any person or entity, including but not limited to by any negligence (but excluding fraud or any other type of liability that by law cannot be excluded) on the part of Moody’s or any of its directors, officers, employees, agents, representatives, licensors or suppliers, arising from or in connection with use of the Information.     

 

5.             You agree to read and be bound by the more detailed disclosures regarding Moody’s ratings and the limitations of Moody’s liability included in the Information.​​​

 

6.             You agree that any disputes relating to this agreement or your use of the Information, whether in contract, tort, statute or otherwise, shall be governed by the laws of the State of New York and shall be subject to the exclusive jurisdiction of the courts of the State of New York located in the City and County of New York, Borough of Manhattan.​​​

I AGREE
Rating Action:

Moody's takes rating action on various subordinated securities of Lloyds and RBS

09 Sep 2009

London, 09 September 2009 -- Moody's Investors Service today downgraded to Ba1 the junior subordinated debt (upper Tier 2) and to Ba2 the cumulative preference shares (innovative Tier 1) instruments of various entities within Lloyds Banking Group. The securities remain under review for further possible downgrade. At RBS and Nat West plc the Ba1-rated junior subordinated debt has been placed on review for possible downgrade, and at RBS Group plc the (P) Ba2-rated junior subordinated debt has been placed on review for possible downgrade.

There has been no change to the senior debt ratings of either group (Aa3 for Lloyds TSB Bank plc and Bank of Scotland plc; A1 for Lloyds Banking Group and HBOS plc; Aa3 for RBS plc and A1 for RBS Group plc), the senior subordinated debt, the non-cumulative preference shares issued by either group (rated B3), the bank financial strength ratings (C negative outlook for Lloyds TSB mapping to a Baseline Credit Assessment of A3 and C- negative outlook for BoS mapping to a BCA of Baa2; C- negative outlook for RBS plc mapping to a Baseline Credit Assessment of Baa2), the P-1 short-term debt, or the Aaa government-guaranteed debt issued by either group.

Elisabeth Rudman, Senior Credit Officer at Moody's Investors Service, commented that "Moody's downgrade of these instruments reflects our assumption of a higher probability of coupon suspension on these securities as a result of the ongoing discussion between the UK government and European Commission ("EC") on the planned state aid package." This follows Moody's press release entitled "Moody's sees broader impact on hybrid ratings triggered by EC's state aid reviews", published on 19 August 2009.

Moody's understands that the UK government is currently discussing with the EC its planned Asset Protection Scheme for both Lloyds and RBS. Moody's previously downgraded the non-cumulative preference shares of both Lloyds and RBS to B3 on 2nd June 2009 to reflect the high likelihood that the EC may require both the groups to defer coupons on hybrid instruments, in line with its objective of burden sharing. However, Moody's is now incorporating the risk that the EC could also advise the groups to refrain paying coupons on securities with cumulative coupons, following the EC advising KBC, a Belgian bank, to refrain from paying coupons on some of its cumulative hybrids.

Consequently Moody's has taken rating actions on the cumulative securities with optional deferral provision issued by both groups. The rating agency has assumed a moderate probability of omission of coupons, but notes that the coupon payments on these instruments are cumulative, thereby limiting the loss severity of a coupon deferral if it were to occur. The cumulative preference shares (with cumulative deferral and non-cash settlement through ACSM) have largely the same features as junior subordinated debt on a going concern basis, but have a preferred claim in liquidation and are rated one notch lower than the junior subordinated debt. At Lloyds Banking Group Moody's has assigned the same rating to the cumulative securities of both the operating companies and holding companies, as the analysis is based on an expected-loss approach rather than being driven by the BFSR (C, mapping to A3) and the rating agency deems the risk of omission to be similar. At RBSG the ratings of the cumulative instruments are driven by the lower BFSR (C- mapping to Baa2) and therefore we still maintain different ratings for the operating companies and holding company based on our standard view on structural subordination.

The junior subordinated debt with optional deferral issued by Scottish Widows Plc and Clerical Medical Investment Group have also been downgraded from Baa2 (negative outlook) to Ba1 (under review for further possible downgrade). The rating actions on the subordinated debt of Scottish Widows ("SW") and Clerical Medical Finance ("CMF") reflect a) the alignment of the insurance operations' subordinated ratings and outlooks to the subordinated ratings and outlooks of the corresponding banking operations within Lloyds and b) the different deferral characteristics of each debt. Moody's believes that Lloyds' capital base is increasingly managed centrally. The revised ratings and outlooks on the insurance subsidiaries therefore reflect Moody's view that the insurance subordinated ratings of SW and CMF are constrained by the ratings on the subordinated debt of the correspondent parent banking companies within Lloyds. The difference in notching between the ratings on the subordinated debt issues of CMF reflects the different deferral characteristics of each debt. In the case of the Baa2 rated junior subordinated debt and Baa1 rated senior subordinated debt, CMF has limited ability to defer payments as coupon deferral is restricted to mandatory triggers upon specified remote solvency triggers. On the contrary, in the case of the Ba1 rated junior subordinated debt, CMF has non restricted optional deferral ability.

DOWNGRADE OF CUMULATIVE PREFERENCE SHARES AND JUNIOR SUB DEBT OF LLOYDS

The instruments of the following banks have been affected by this action:

Lloyds TSB Bank:

- Cumulative junior subordinated debt (Upper Tier 2): downgraded to Ba1 (review for downgrade) from Baa2;

- Cumulative (Tier 1) preferred securities: downgraded to Ba2 (review for downgrade) from Baa3;

Bank of Scotland:

- Cumulative junior subordinated debt (Upper Tier 2): downgraded to Ba1 (review for downgrade) from Baa2;

- Cumulative (Tier 1) preferred securities: downgraded to Ba2 (review for downgrade) from Baa3;

HBOS:

- Cumulative junior subordinated debt (Upper Tier 2): downgraded to Ba1 (review for downgrade) from Baa3;

Scottish Widows (SW):

Junior Subordinated Debt from Baa2 (negative outlook) to Ba1 (review for downgrade)

Clerical Medical Finance (CMF):

Junior Subordinated Debt (guaranteed by Clerical Investment Group Ltd) from Baa2 (negative outlook) to Ba1 (review for downgrade) - €750m 4.25 per cent. Perpetual Fixed/Floating Rate Reset Subordinated

Junior Subordinated Debt (guaranteed by Clerical Investment Group Ltd) affirmed at Baa2 (negative outlook) - GBP150m 7 3/8 per cent. Undated Subordinated Guaranteed Bonds

Senior Subordinated Debt (guaranteed by Clerical Investment Group Ltd) affirmed at Baa1 (negative outlook) - GBP400m 6.45 per cent. Due 2023 Subordinated Guaranteed Bonds

REVIEW FOR DOWNGRADE OF CUMULATIVE PREFERENCE SHARES AND JUNIOR SUB DEBT OF RBS

The instruments of the following banks have been affected by this action:

RBS Plc/ Nat West Plc:

- Cumulative junior subordinated debt (Upper Tier 2) at Ba1 (negative outlook): placed on review for possible downgrade;

RBS Group Plc:

- Cumulative junior subordinated debt (Upper Tier 2) shelf programmes at (P) Ba2 (negative outlook): placed on review for possible downgrade;

PREVIOUS RATING ACTIONS AND METHODOLOGIES USED

The last rating action on RBS Group was on 10 June 2009 when the Aa3 senior debt rating of RBS plc was affirmed and the C- BFSR was confirmed.

The last rating action on Lloyds Banking Group was on 22 June 2009 when the Aa3 senior debt rating of Lloyds TSB was affirmed and the BFSR was downgraded to C.

The principal methodologies used in rating the entities are "Bank Financial Strength Ratings: Global Methodology" and "Guidelines for Rating Bank Junior Securities", which can be found at www.moodys.com in the Credit Policy & Methodologies directory, in the Rating Methodologies sub-directory under the Research & Ratings tab. Other methodologies and factors that may have been considered in the process of rating these issuers can also be found in the Rating Methodologies sub-directory on Moody's website.

Downgrades:

..Issuer: Bank of Scotland plc

....Junior Subordinated Regular Bond/Debenture, Downgraded to a range of Ba2 to Ba1 from a range of Baa3 to Baa2

..Issuer: Cheltenham & Gloucester plc

....Junior Subordinated Regular Bond/Debenture, Downgraded to Ba1 from Baa2

..Issuer: Clerical Medical Finance plc

....Junior Subordinated Regular Bond/Debenture, Downgraded to Ba1 from Baa2

..Issuer: HBOS plc

....Junior Subordinated Regular Bond/Debenture, Downgraded to Ba1 from Baa3

....Multiple Seniority Medium-Term Note Program, Downgraded to Ba1 from Baa3

..Issuer: Halifax plc

....Subordinate Regular Bond/Debenture, Downgraded to Ba1 from Baa2

..Issuer: Leeds Permanent Building Society

....Subordinate Regular Bond/Debenture, Downgraded to Ba1 from Baa2

..Issuer: Lloyds TSB Bank Plc

....Junior Subordinated Regular Bond/Debenture, Downgraded to a range of Ba2 to Ba1 from a range of Baa3 to Baa2

....Multiple Seniority Medium-Term Note Program, Downgraded to Ba1, Ba1 from Baa2, Baa2

....Preferred Stock Preferred Stock, Downgraded to Ba2 from Baa3

..Issuer: Scotland International Finance No. 2 B.V.

....Multiple Seniority Medium-Term Note Program, Downgraded to Ba1 from Baa2

..Issuer: Scottish Widows plc

....Junior Subordinated Regular Bond/Debenture, Downgraded to Ba1 from Baa2

On Review for Possible Downgrade:

..Issuer: National Westminster Bank PLC

....Junior Subordinated Conv./Exch. Bond/Debenture, Placed on Review for Possible Downgrade, currently Ba1

....Junior Subordinated Regular Bond/Debenture, Placed on Review for Possible Downgrade, currently Ba1

....Multiple Seniority Shelf, Placed on Review for Possible Downgrade, currently (P)Ba1

....Subordinate Regular Bond/Debenture, Placed on Review for Possible Downgrade, currently Ba1

..Issuer: Royal Bank of Scotland Group plc

....Multiple Seniority Shelf, Placed on Review for Possible Downgrade, currently (P)Ba2

..Issuer: Royal Bank of Scotland plc

....Junior Subordinated Regular Bond/Debenture, Placed on Review for Possible Downgrade, currently Ba1

....Multiple Seniority Medium-Term Note Program, Placed on Review for Possible Downgrade, currently Ba1

Outlook Actions:

..Issuer: Bank of Scotland plc

....Outlook, Changed To Rating Under Review From Stable(m)

..Issuer: Clerical Medical Finance plc

....Outlook, Changed To Rating Under Review From Stable(m)

..Issuer: HBOS plc

....Outlook, Changed To Rating Under Review From Stable(m)

..Issuer: Halifax plc

....Outlook, Changed To Rating Under Review From Stable(m)

..Issuer: Lloyds TSB Bank Plc

....Outlook, Changed To Rating Under Review From Stable(m)

..Issuer: National Westminster Bank PLC

....Outlook, Changed To Rating Under Review From Stable(m)

..Issuer: Royal Bank of Scotland Group plc

....Outlook, Changed To Rating Under Review From Stable(m)

..Issuer: Royal Bank of Scotland plc

....Outlook, Changed To Rating Under Review From Stable(m)

..Issuer: Scotland International Finance No. 2 B.V.

....Outlook, Changed To Rating Under Review From Stable(m)

..Issuer: Scottish Widows plc

....Outlook, Changed To Rating Under Review From Stable(m)

London
Johannes Wassenberg
Managing Director
Financial Institutions Group
Moody's Investors Service Ltd.
JOURNALISTS: 44 20 7772 5456
SUBSCRIBERS: 44 20 7772 5454

London
Elisabeth Rudman
VP - Senior Credit Officer
Financial Institutions Group
Moody's Investors Service Ltd.
JOURNALISTS: 44 20 7772 5456
SUBSCRIBERS: 44 20 7772 5454

Moody's takes rating action on various subordinated securities of Lloyds and RBS
No Related Data.
© 2023 Moody’s Corporation, Moody’s Investors Service, Inc., Moody’s Analytics, Inc. and/or their licensors and affiliates (collectively, “MOODY’S”). All rights reserved.

CREDIT RATINGS ISSUED BY MOODY'S CREDIT RATINGS AFFILIATES ARE THEIR CURRENT OPINIONS OF THE RELATIVE FUTURE CREDIT RISK OF ENTITIES, CREDIT COMMITMENTS, OR DEBT OR DEBT-LIKE SECURITIES, AND MATERIALS, PRODUCTS, SERVICES AND INFORMATION PUBLISHED BY MOODY’S (COLLECTIVELY, “PUBLICATIONS”) MAY INCLUDE SUCH CURRENT OPINIONS. MOODY’S DEFINES CREDIT RISK AS THE RISK THAT AN ENTITY MAY NOT MEET ITS CONTRACTUAL FINANCIAL OBLIGATIONS AS THEY COME DUE AND ANY ESTIMATED FINANCIAL LOSS IN THE EVENT OF DEFAULT OR IMPAIRMENT. SEE APPLICABLE MOODY’S RATING SYMBOLS AND DEFINITIONS PUBLICATION FOR INFORMATION ON THE TYPES OF CONTRACTUAL FINANCIAL OBLIGATIONS ADDRESSED BY MOODY’S CREDIT RATINGS. CREDIT RATINGS DO NOT ADDRESS ANY OTHER RISK, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO: LIQUIDITY RISK, MARKET VALUE RISK, OR PRICE VOLATILITY. CREDIT RATINGS, NON-CREDIT ASSESSMENTS (“ASSESSMENTS”), AND OTHER OPINIONS INCLUDED IN MOODY’S PUBLICATIONS ARE NOT STATEMENTS OF CURRENT OR HISTORICAL FACT. MOODY’S PUBLICATIONS MAY ALSO INCLUDE QUANTITATIVE MODEL-BASED ESTIMATES OF CREDIT RISK AND RELATED OPINIONS OR COMMENTARY PUBLISHED BY MOODY’S ANALYTICS, INC. AND/OR ITS AFFILIATES. MOODY’S CREDIT RATINGS, ASSESSMENTS, OTHER OPINIONS AND PUBLICATIONS DO NOT CONSTITUTE OR PROVIDE INVESTMENT OR FINANCIAL ADVICE, AND MOODY’S CREDIT RATINGS, ASSESSMENTS, OTHER OPINIONS AND PUBLICATIONS ARE NOT AND DO NOT PROVIDE RECOMMENDATIONS TO PURCHASE, SELL, OR HOLD PARTICULAR SECURITIES. MOODY’S CREDIT RATINGS, ASSESSMENTS, OTHER OPINIONS AND PUBLICATIONS DO NOT COMMENT ON THE SUITABILITY OF AN INVESTMENT FOR ANY PARTICULAR INVESTOR. MOODY’S ISSUES ITS CREDIT RATINGS, ASSESSMENTS AND OTHER OPINIONS AND PUBLISHES ITS PUBLICATIONS WITH THE EXPECTATION AND UNDERSTANDING THAT EACH INVESTOR WILL, WITH DUE CARE, MAKE ITS OWN STUDY AND EVALUATION OF EACH SECURITY THAT IS UNDER CONSIDERATION FOR PURCHASE, HOLDING, OR SALE.

MOODY’S CREDIT RATINGS, ASSESSMENTS, OTHER OPINIONS, AND PUBLICATIONS ARE NOT INTENDED FOR USE BY RETAIL INVESTORS AND IT WOULD BE RECKLESS AND INAPPROPRIATE FOR RETAIL INVESTORS TO USE MOODY’S CREDIT RATINGS, ASSESSMENTS, OTHER OPINIONS OR PUBLICATIONS WHEN MAKING AN INVESTMENT DECISION. IF IN DOUBT YOU SHOULD CONTACT YOUR FINANCIAL OR OTHER PROFESSIONAL ADVISER.

ALL INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IS PROTECTED BY LAW, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO, COPYRIGHT LAW, AND NONE OF SUCH INFORMATION MAY BE COPIED OR OTHERWISE REPRODUCED, REPACKAGED, FURTHER TRANSMITTED, TRANSFERRED, DISSEMINATED, REDISTRIBUTED OR RESOLD, OR STORED FOR SUBSEQUENT USE FOR ANY SUCH PURPOSE, IN WHOLE OR IN PART, IN ANY FORM OR MANNER OR BY ANY MEANS WHATSOEVER, BY ANY PERSON WITHOUT MOODY’S PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT.

MOODY’S CREDIT RATINGS, ASSESSMENTS, OTHER OPINIONS AND PUBLICATIONS ARE NOT INTENDED FOR USE BY ANY PERSON AS A BENCHMARK AS THAT TERM IS DEFINED FOR REGULATORY PURPOSES AND MUST NOT BE USED IN ANY WAY THAT COULD RESULT IN THEM BEING CONSIDERED A BENCHMARK.

All information contained herein is obtained by MOODY’S from sources believed by it to be accurate and reliable. Because of the possibility of human or mechanical error as well as other factors, however, all information contained herein is provided “AS IS” without warranty of any kind. MOODY'S adopts all necessary measures so that the information it uses in assigning a credit rating is of sufficient quality and from sources MOODY'S considers to be reliable including, when appropriate, independent third-party sources. However, MOODY’S is not an auditor and cannot in every instance independently verify or validate information received in the credit rating process or in preparing its Publications.

To the extent permitted by law, MOODY’S and its directors, officers, employees, agents, representatives, licensors and suppliers disclaim liability to any person or entity for any indirect, special, consequential, or incidental losses or damages whatsoever arising from or in connection with the information contained herein or the use of or inability to use any such information, even if MOODY’S or any of its directors, officers, employees, agents, representatives, licensors or suppliers is advised in advance of the possibility of such losses or damages, including but not limited to: (a) any loss of present or prospective profits or (b) any loss or damage arising where the relevant financial instrument is not the subject of a particular credit rating assigned by MOODY’S.

To the extent permitted by law, MOODY’S and its directors, officers, employees, agents, representatives, licensors and suppliers disclaim liability for any direct or compensatory losses or damages caused to any person or entity, including but not limited to by any negligence (but excluding fraud, willful misconduct or any other type of liability that, for the avoidance of doubt, by law cannot be excluded) on the part of, or any contingency within or beyond the control of, MOODY’S or any of its directors, officers, employees, agents, representatives, licensors or suppliers, arising from or in connection with the information contained herein or the use of or inability to use any such information.

NO WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AS TO THE ACCURACY, TIMELINESS, COMPLETENESS, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OF ANY CREDIT RATING, ASSESSMENT, OTHER OPINION OR INFORMATION IS GIVEN OR MADE BY MOODY’S IN ANY FORM OR MANNER WHATSOEVER.

Moody’s Investors Service, Inc., a wholly-owned credit rating agency subsidiary of Moody’s Corporation (“MCO”), hereby discloses that most issuers of debt securities (including corporate and municipal bonds, debentures, notes and commercial paper) and preferred stock rated by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. have, prior to assignment of any credit rating, agreed to pay to Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. for credit ratings opinions and services rendered by it fees ranging from $1,000 to approximately $5,000,000. MCO and Moody’s Investors Service also maintain policies and procedures to address the independence of Moody’s Investors Service credit ratings and credit rating processes. Information regarding certain affiliations that may exist between directors of MCO and rated entities, and between entities who hold credit ratings from Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. and have also publicly reported to the SEC an ownership interest in MCO of more than 5%, is posted annually at www.moodys.com under the heading “Investor Relations — Corporate Governance — Charter Documents - Director and Shareholder Affiliation Policy.”

Additional terms for Australia only: Any publication into Australia of this document is pursuant to the Australian Financial Services License of MOODY’S affiliate, Moody’s Investors Service Pty Limited ABN 61 003 399 657AFSL 336969 and/or Moody’s Analytics Australia Pty Ltd ABN 94 105 136 972 AFSL 383569 (as applicable). This document is intended to be provided only to “wholesale clients” within the meaning of section 761G of the Corporations Act 2001. By continuing to access this document from within Australia, you represent to MOODY’S that you are, or are accessing the document as a representative of, a “wholesale client” and that neither you nor the entity you represent will directly or indirectly disseminate this document or its contents to “retail clients” within the meaning of section 761G of the Corporations Act 2001. MOODY’S credit rating is an opinion as to the creditworthiness of a debt obligation of the issuer, not on the equity securities of the issuer or any form of security that is available to retail investors.

Additional terms for Japan only: Moody's Japan K.K. (“MJKK”) is a wholly-owned credit rating agency subsidiary of Moody's Group Japan G.K., which is wholly-owned by Moody’s Overseas Holdings Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of MCO. Moody’s SF Japan K.K. (“MSFJ”) is a wholly-owned credit rating agency subsidiary of MJKK. MSFJ is not a Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organization (“NRSRO”). Therefore, credit ratings assigned by MSFJ are Non-NRSRO Credit Ratings. Non-NRSRO Credit Ratings are assigned by an entity that is not a NRSRO and, consequently, the rated obligation will not qualify for certain types of treatment under U.S. laws. MJKK and MSFJ are credit rating agencies registered with the Japan Financial Services Agency and their registration numbers are FSA Commissioner (Ratings) No. 2 and 3 respectively.

MJKK or MSFJ (as applicable) hereby disclose that most issuers of debt securities (including corporate and municipal bonds, debentures, notes and commercial paper) and preferred stock rated by MJKK or MSFJ (as applicable) have, prior to assignment of any credit rating, agreed to pay to MJKK or MSFJ (as applicable) for credit ratings opinions and services rendered by it fees ranging from JPY100,000 to approximately JPY550,000,000.

MJKK and MSFJ also maintain policies and procedures to address Japanese regulatory requirements.