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Moody's Credit Outlook: 29 September 2025

Here are the top highlights from this week's edition of Moody's Credit Outlook:

First Reads

The new fee on H-1B visa applications will add incremental costs for IT service providers including Tata Consultancy Services, Infosys, Cognizant, Virtusa and Synechron. Small companies like Virtusa and Synechron will find the costs burdensome. Meanwhile, Pfizer will acquire Metsera for $4.9 billion upfront enterprise value, boosting its obesity pipeline and potentially contributing significant revenue toward the latter portion of this decade, which would mitigate eroding sales from patent expirations.

Featured News and Analysis

Starbucks' restructuring will raise leverage near term, but should drive long-term improvement

Starbucks $1 billion restructuring plan is credit negative in an environment of difficult consumer spending and increasing costs, adding to the risk for  deterioration in earnings and cash flow before the initiatives are fully implemented and performance begins to recover.  

Nigeria’s policy rate cut will weigh on domestic banks’ profitability 

The Central bank cut its key policy rate to 27%, and the cash reserve requirement for commercial banks to 45%, the first rate cuts since 2020. The lower rates will support growth but modestly compress banks' margins and weigh on profitability.

Home prices weaken in the US but momentum builds in Europe

US home prices will likely be flat or lower through 2026, but with regional variations and pockets of appreciation. Euro area prices will generally rise amid easing rates, strong demand and tight supply, but UK increases will likely be more limited amid taxation changes.

Credit in Depth

Pace of AI advances and regional disparities will steer credit trends across industries 

We’ve assessed AI credit effects through 2030 in a conservative scenario of slow rising tide of AI integration that does not materially alter competitive hierarchies, and an optimistic scenario of rapid AI advances that create fast-moving credit effects and a risk of competitive displacement for slow adapters.